## 金属的化学性质
### 1.金属+氧气→金属氧化物
- $\mathrm{\ce{2Cu + O2}\xlongequal{\Delta}\ce{2CuO}}$
- $\mathrm{\ce{4Al + 3O2}\xlongequal{}\ce{2Al2O3}}$
- $\mathrm{\ce{3Fe + 2O2}\xlongequal{点燃}\ce{Fe3O4}}$
### 2.(活泼)金属+酸→盐+氢气(**置换反应**)
- $\mathrm{\ce{Zn + H2SO4}\xlongequal{}\ce{ZnSO4 + H2 ^}}$
- $\mathrm{\ce{Fe + 2HCl}\xlongequal{}\ce{FeCl2 + H2 ^}}$
### 3.金属+盐→盐+金属(**置换反应**)
- $\mathrm{\ce{2Al + 3CuSO4}\xlongequal{}\ce{Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu}}$
- $\mathrm{\ce{Cu + 2AgNO3}\xlongequal{}\ce{Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag}}$
## 酸的化学性质
### 1.与指示剂作用
### 2.酸+(活泼)金属→盐+氢气(**置换反应**)
### 3.酸+金属氧化物→盐+水(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{Fe2O3 + 6HCl}\xlongequal{}\ce{2FeCl3 + 3H2O}$
- $\ce{Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4}\xlongequal{}\ce{Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O}$
### 4.酸+碱→盐+水(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{NaOH + HCl}\xlongequal{}\ce{NaCl + H2O}$
- $\ce{H2SO4 + 2NaOH}\xlongequal{}\ce{Na2SO4 + 2H2O}$
### 5.酸+盐→盐+酸(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{2HCl + Na2CO3}\xlongequal{}\ce{2NaCl + H2O + CO2 ^}$
- $\ce{HCl + AgNO3}\xlongequal{}\ce{AgCl v + HNO3}$
- $\ce{H2SO4 + BaCl2}\xlongequal{}\ce{BaSO4 v + 2HCl}$
## 碱的化学性质
### 1.与指示剂作用
### 2.碱+非金属氧化物→盐+水
- $\ce{2NaOH + CO2}\xlongequal{}\ce{Na2CO3 + H2O}$
- $\ce{Ca(OH)2 + CO2}\xlongequal{}\ce{CaCO3 v + H2O}$
### 3.碱+酸→盐+水(**复分解反应**)
### 4.碱+盐→盐+碱(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{2NaOH + CuSO4}\xlongequal{}\ce{Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2 v}$
- $\ce{3NaOH + FeCl3}\xlongequal{}\ce{3NaCl + Fe(OH)3 v}$
- $\ce{Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3}\xlongequal{}\ce{CaCO3 v + 2NaOH}$
- $\ce{Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl}\xlongequal{}\ce{CaCl2 + 2NH3 ^ +2H2O}$
## 盐的化学性质
### 1.盐+金属→盐+金属(**置换反应**)
### 2.盐+酸→盐+酸(**复分解反应**)
### 3.盐+碱→盐+碱(**复分解反应**)
### 4.盐+盐→盐+盐(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{Na2CO3 + CaCl2}\xlongequal{}\ce{CaCO3 v + 2NaCl}$
- $\ce{CuSO4 + BaCl2}\xlongequal{}\ce{BaSO4 v + CuCl2}$
### 1.金属+氧气→金属氧化物
- $\mathrm{\ce{2Cu + O2}\xlongequal{\Delta}\ce{2CuO}}$
- $\mathrm{\ce{4Al + 3O2}\xlongequal{}\ce{2Al2O3}}$
- $\mathrm{\ce{3Fe + 2O2}\xlongequal{点燃}\ce{Fe3O4}}$
### 2.(活泼)金属+酸→盐+氢气(**置换反应**)
- $\mathrm{\ce{Zn + H2SO4}\xlongequal{}\ce{ZnSO4 + H2 ^}}$
- $\mathrm{\ce{Fe + 2HCl}\xlongequal{}\ce{FeCl2 + H2 ^}}$
### 3.金属+盐→盐+金属(**置换反应**)
- $\mathrm{\ce{2Al + 3CuSO4}\xlongequal{}\ce{Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu}}$
- $\mathrm{\ce{Cu + 2AgNO3}\xlongequal{}\ce{Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag}}$
## 酸的化学性质
### 1.与指示剂作用
### 2.酸+(活泼)金属→盐+氢气(**置换反应**)
### 3.酸+金属氧化物→盐+水(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{Fe2O3 + 6HCl}\xlongequal{}\ce{2FeCl3 + 3H2O}$
- $\ce{Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4}\xlongequal{}\ce{Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O}$
### 4.酸+碱→盐+水(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{NaOH + HCl}\xlongequal{}\ce{NaCl + H2O}$
- $\ce{H2SO4 + 2NaOH}\xlongequal{}\ce{Na2SO4 + 2H2O}$
### 5.酸+盐→盐+酸(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{2HCl + Na2CO3}\xlongequal{}\ce{2NaCl + H2O + CO2 ^}$
- $\ce{HCl + AgNO3}\xlongequal{}\ce{AgCl v + HNO3}$
- $\ce{H2SO4 + BaCl2}\xlongequal{}\ce{BaSO4 v + 2HCl}$
## 碱的化学性质
### 1.与指示剂作用
### 2.碱+非金属氧化物→盐+水
- $\ce{2NaOH + CO2}\xlongequal{}\ce{Na2CO3 + H2O}$
- $\ce{Ca(OH)2 + CO2}\xlongequal{}\ce{CaCO3 v + H2O}$
### 3.碱+酸→盐+水(**复分解反应**)
### 4.碱+盐→盐+碱(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{2NaOH + CuSO4}\xlongequal{}\ce{Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2 v}$
- $\ce{3NaOH + FeCl3}\xlongequal{}\ce{3NaCl + Fe(OH)3 v}$
- $\ce{Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3}\xlongequal{}\ce{CaCO3 v + 2NaOH}$
- $\ce{Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl}\xlongequal{}\ce{CaCl2 + 2NH3 ^ +2H2O}$
## 盐的化学性质
### 1.盐+金属→盐+金属(**置换反应**)
### 2.盐+酸→盐+酸(**复分解反应**)
### 3.盐+碱→盐+碱(**复分解反应**)
### 4.盐+盐→盐+盐(**复分解反应**)
- $\ce{Na2CO3 + CaCl2}\xlongequal{}\ce{CaCO3 v + 2NaCl}$
- $\ce{CuSO4 + BaCl2}\xlongequal{}\ce{BaSO4 v + CuCl2}$